Unlawful Acts Regarding Land Ownership Claim By Unauthorized Parties Study Of Supreme Court Decision Number 691 K/Pdt/2025

Abstract

Land ownership disputes between Paimin as the holder of Property Rights Certificate and PT Sinar Waluyo claiming ownership based on Paid Sale and Purchase Agreement Deed over 9 land plots in Magelang City have hindered compensation payment for the Yogyakarta-Bawen Toll Road project. This normative juridical research analyzes legal protection for landowners whose certificates are controlled by others, legal consequences of unlawful acts and Supreme Court Decision Number 691 K/Pdt/2025. The results show that ownership remains protected through civil lawsuits, unauthorized parties can be sanctioned under Article 1365 of the Civil Code, however the Supreme Court decision has substantial weaknesses for not nullifying legally defective deeds and disregarding criminal dimensions.