Legal Vacuum And Unclear Liability Of E-Commerce Platforms For Illegal Products In Digital Transactions

Abstract

Legal uncertainty and the lack of clear liability rules for e-commerce platforms regarding illegal products sold by third parties have harmed consumers. An analysis of national regulations and liability theories (fault, risk, and strict liability) reveals that platform obligations remain vaguely defined. This gap is often exploited to avoid accountability. Legal reform is necessary to prevent platforms from hiding behind intermediary status and ensure their responsibility for products circulating on their systems.