Legal Analysis of Electronic Storage of Deed Minutes as an Effort to Prevent Damage to Deed Minutes Due to Force Majeure

Abstract

The digital transformation in the financial sector has driven the development of Financial Technology (Fintech), particularly Technology-Based Joint Funding Services (LPBBTI). Statistical data from LPBBTI for the period June 2024–June 2025 indicate an increase in the number of fund recipients under 19 years of age, accompanied by a rising non-performing loan ratio. This condition is related to legal capacity verification practices that continue to rely on possession of the National Identity Card (KTP), whereby individuals aged 17 years are deemed legally capable of applying for loans. However, various statutory regulations, including the child protection law and PP No. 17 of 2025, establish the age of majority at 18 years. This discrepancy between administrative provisions and legal capacity gives rise to regulatory disharmony and raises concerns regarding the validity of LPBBTI agreements executed by 17-year-old minors. This study aims to describe a regulation of the age of majority at PP No. 17 of 2025 and OJK regulations, as well as the implications of age limit disharmony on the validity and liability of parties in electronic agreements for Fintech Lending/LPBBTI. The research methodology employed is normatife juridical with statutory or conceptual approaches, utilized contract theory and liability theory as analytical frameworks. The research findings demonstrate is it regulation of the age of majority at Indonesian law remains pluralistic in nature. Nevertheless, PP No. 17 of 2025 and SEOJK No. 19/SEOJK.06/2025 provide legal certainty by establishing a minimum age threshold of 18 years or married status, along with specific income requirements, as a means of tightening eligibility criteria for fund recipients. LPBBTI agreements executed by 17-year-old minors are classified as voidable contracts, with primary liability resting upon LPBBTI operators due to negligence in the initial verification process.