Legal Liability For Illegal Mining Under Law Number 32 Of 2009 Concerning Environmental Protection And Management A Case Study Of Gunung Kuda, Cirebon Regency

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the application of environmental law to illegal mining activities in Gunung Kuda, Cirebon Regency, and to examine legal liability for mining activities that increase disaster risks, ecological damage, and loss of life. This study employs an empirical legal research method, utilizing statutory, conceptual, empirical, and case-based approaches. Data were obtained through literature studies, observations, and interviews with relevant parties. The results indicate that law enforcement against illegal mining continues to face challenges related to authority coordination, preventive supervision, and institutional accountability. Legal liability for illegal mining activities that increase disaster risks must be determined based on the authority, legal obligations, degree of involvement, acts or omissions, information regarding the risks, and the causal relationship with the resulting environmental damage and losses. The novelty of this study lies in applying an ecological risk-based legal liability perspective that integrates mining, environmental, and disaster management law.